Fazer funcionar um motor de passo UNIPOLAR com H-BRIDGE.
No vídeo acima aparece o motor funcionando com um script que gera movimentos aleatórios variando a velocidade e direção, este controle é feito pela placa arduino, a placa que se vê ao lado do motor é a placa com os transistores que controlam a força aplicada a cada bobina do motor na sequencia desejada.
Inicialmente o conceito do motor de passo é bastante confuso porque trata-se de um motor movido por várias bobinas que quando acionadas em séries fazem com que o motor mova-se em passos ou em rotação em qualquer direção.
MATERIAIS USADOS:
1. Motor de passo SM 1.8 NEMA 23
2. Placa CNC com 2 conjuntos de 4 Transistors Transistor darlington NPN, max 100V 5A. ( fabricação microgenius)
O TIP122 é um transistor NPN do tipo darlington (ou seja: são dois transistores dentro do mesmo invólucro, um excitando o outro, de maneira a se aumentar muito o ganho total). Ele foi desenvolvido para aplicações de chaveamento (tanto que já possui um diodo interno para a proteção da junção coletor/emissor do transistor). "clube do hardware"
3. Arduino Duemilenove ( arduino.cc)
4. Bateria de 12 volts 7 amp ( First Power) - roubada de um alarme :-)
O site AZEGA.COM me ajudou muito a entender o processo, este site tem os equemas e o conhecimento necessário para fazer o trabalho (veja os links abaixo).
Este exemplo é igual ao esquema da placa acima e utiliza os mesmos transistores NPN para ser montado na breadboard:
Para controlar o movimento do motor é utilizada a biblioteca stepper, esta biblioteca permite setar os seguintes parâmetros como comentado no exemplo abaixo:
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